On May 10, 2025, Pakistan launched a significant military operation, codenamed Bunyan al-Marsus, in retaliation to Indian missile and drone strikes that targeted Pakistani airbases and civilian infrastructure. This operation marked a pivotal moment in the ongoing India-Pakistan conflict, highlighting the fragile nature of peace between the two nuclear-armed neighbors.
Background to the Conflict
The immediate catalyst for the escalation was a deadly militant attack in Indian-administered Kashmir on April 22, 2025, which resulted in the deaths of 26 civilians. India attributed the attack to Pakistan-based militants and responded with airstrikes on suspected terrorist camps in Pakistan-controlled Kashmir. In retaliation, Pakistan launched Operation Bunyan al-Marsus, targeting over 25 Indian military sites, including airbases and weapon depots in Gujarat, Punjab, Rajasthan, and Jammu & Kashmir.
Strategic Objectives and Execution
The name Bunyan al-Marsus, derived from a Quranic verse meaning "an unbreakable wall," reflects Pakistan's intent to present a unified and resolute front in defense of its sovereignty. The operation involved the use of domestically produced Fateh missiles and drones to strike key military installations across India. Additionally, Pakistan reportedly launched cyberattacks targeting Indian military satellites and government websites, further escalating the conflict.
International Reactions and Ceasefire Agreement
The rapid escalation of hostilities drew international concern, with the United States, China, and Saudi Arabia mediating to de-escalate tensions. On May 10, both India and Pakistan agreed to an immediate ceasefire, effective from 5:00 PM IST / 4:30 PM PKT, following a hotline communication between their Director Generals of Military Operations (DGMOs) . However, both nations accused each other of violating the ceasefire agreement shortly after its implementation, underscoring the fragile nature of the truce.
Casualties and Humanitarian Impact
The conflict resulted in civilian and military casualties on both sides. Pakistan reported damage to civilian infrastructure, including airports and residential areas, while India claimed that Pakistani strikes targeted Hindu religious sites. The Human Rights Commission of Pakistan condemned the Indian airstrikes as grave violations of international human rights law, potentially constituting crimes against humanity.
Conclusion
Operation Bunyan al-Marsus serves as a stark reminder of the volatile nature of Indo-Pakistani relations and the ever-present risk of conflict between the two nations. While the immediate ceasefire has been agreed upon, the underlying issues, particularly the dispute over Kashmir, remain unresolved. The international community continues to urge both countries to engage in dialogue and pursue peaceful solutions to prevent further escalation and ensure regional stability.
Reference: بھارت کی شکست کے بعد آپریشن بُنيَانٌ مَّرْصُوصٌ مکمل ہو گیا:پاک فوج
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